Attention Attention is viewed as a mainly conscious process involving working memory (Ellis, 2008). Suchert (2004) defines attention as “A process in which biological mechanisms interact when goal-directed behaviours and stimulus-driven responses converge in action (p. 144). Schmidt (1990, 1993, 1994) has argued that attention is essential to learning; that is, there is no learning…
Speech Acts Speech acts are carried out over various turns and their exact shape takes into account interlocutor reactions. In other words, conversation is co-constructed by both interlocutors, which is something that can never be simulated with DCTs. Speech acts are certainly the most researched area of pragmatics, and they are arguably the most social,…
Interaction Hypothesis Interaction Hypothesis Long’s Interaction Hypothesis, especially the updated version, claims that learners do need to pay conscious attention to form in order to benefit from negotiated interaction. The origins of Long’s Interaction Hypothesis lies partly in Hatch’s work on discourse analysis and L2 acquisition and partly in Krashen’s Input Hypothesis. Hatch (1978, p.…
Negotiation 1 | Advanced Technology Negotiation 1 | Advanced Technology LELB on YouTube Watch this video on YouTube. Topic for Negotiation: Modern technology has had relatively more positive than negative effects on human life. Arash agrees. Dr. Hariri disagrees. About Negotiation of Meaning: Negotiation of meaning is a useful and practical activity based on skill…
English Negotiation | Future Years English Negotiation | Future Years LELB on YouTube Topic for Negotiation: 100 years from now will be a better time to live. Watch this video on YouTube. Mohammad agrees. Dr. Hariri disagrees. About Negotiation of Meaning: Negotiation of meaning is a useful and practical activity based on skill integration to…
English Negotiation | IQ Level English Negotiation | IQ Level Topic for Negotiation: A high level of IQ is absolutely essential for happiness. Watch this video on YouTube. Arash disagrees. Dr. Hariri agrees. About Negotiation of Meaning: Negotiation of meaning is a useful and practical activity based on skill integration to practice the 4 skills…
English Negotiation | Childhood vs. Adulthood English Negotiation | Childhood vs. Adulthood LELB on YouTube Watch this video on YouTube. Topic for Negotiation: Adulthood (after puberty) is a better period in comparison to childhood (before puberty). Arash disagrees. Dr. Hariri agrees. About Negotiation of Meaning: Negotiation of meaning is a useful and practical activity based…
English Negotiation | City Life vs. Country Life English Negotiation | City Life vs. Country Life LELB Society on YouTube Watch this video on YouTube. Topic for Negotiation: Country life is more ideal than city life to lead a happy life. Arash disagrees. Dr. Hariri agrees. About Negotiation of Meaning: Negotiation of meaning is a…
English Negotiation | Life Quality vs. Life Quantity English Negotiation | Life Quality vs. Life Quantity LELB on YouTube Watch this video on YouTube. Topic for Negotiation: The quantity of life (longevity) is more important than the quality of life. Mohammad disagrees. Dr. Hariri agrees. About Negotiation of Meaning: Negotiation of meaning is a useful…
English Negotiation | Early Birds vs. Night Owls English Negotiation | Early Birds vs. Night Owls LELB on YouTube Watch this video on YouTube. Topic for Negotiation: Night owls, compared to early birds, tend to be more productive in life. Arash disagrees. Dr. Hariri agrees. About Negotiation of Meaning: Negotiation of meaning is a useful…