Skinner Skinner attempted to extend a classical behaviorist model of learning to language in his famous ‘Verbal Behavior’. His goal was to provide a way to predict and control verbal behavior by observing and manipulating the physical environment of the speaker. In his review of this work, Chomsky showed that the Skinnerian concepts for learning …
Innateness Hypothesis Innateness Hypothesis It must be that the mind/brain provides a way to identify and extract the relevant information by means of mechanism of some sort that are part of its biologically determined resources. In contrast to the behaviorist hypothesis, a second theory, called the ‘innateness hypothesis’ has developed out of generative transformational grammar. …
IELTS Listening Practice Self-actualization IELTS Listening Practice Self-actualization About this activity This activity is labeled round table by Dr. Hariri, the creator and administrator of LELB Society. This activity is on the premise of Flipped Learning, according to which the students watch a video before the class, carry out research into the selected theme, and prepare themselves for an informed discussion in the class. This activity is on the basis …
Behaviorism Behaviorism Empirical studies were primarily descriptive and totally objective in nature. In the late 1960s and 1970s, a growing consensus was reached that behaviourist theories of L2 learning were inadequate. L2 learners, like L1 learners, were credited with a ‘built-in-syllabus’, which guided their progress. According to the behaviourist hypothesis, the mind of the newborn …
Cognitive Psychology Cognitive Psychology The subject matter of cognitive psychology consists of the main internal psychological processes that are involved in making sense of the environment and deciding what action might be appropriate. These processes include attention, perception, learning and memory, language, problem solving, reasoning and thinking. Contemporary cognitive psychology has built on the very …
Chaos Theory Chaos theory was developed from the 1960s work of the meteorologist, Edward Lorenz. Lorenz discovered that a very small difference (less than one part in one thousand) in the initial conditions led to large changes in the weather predicted by his model over time. A chaos is included in a larger phenomenon, that …
Construct in Psychology Construct is a term used in psychology to label underlying skills or attributes. A construct is an explanatory device, so-called because it is a theoretical construction about the nature of human behavior. In test development, the construct being assessed is defined before the test is developed; this is to make sure that …
IELTS Speaking Practice on Habits IELTS Speaking Practice on Habits Key Words: habits, habit formation, tendency, addiction, obsession, etc. Questions about habit formation How many days do you need to change your habits? What type of challenges are more likely to stick while trying to change your habits? What should you do to reinforce your …
English essay on violence written by LELB Society students to practice writing Essay topic on violence Some people believe that violence is genetically endowed. Some others maintain that you become violent in interaction with the people around you in the society. To which group do you more belong to? Explain your viewpoint. Essayist: Sam, LELB …
English essay on crying in pubic and in front of others written by LELB Society students to practice writing Essay topic on crying in public Some people believe that crying in front of others is a sign of weakness. However, psychologists assert that crying is not an unusual human behavior even if it is in …