IELTS Writing Task 1 | Export Performance IELTS Writing Task 1 | Export Performance ?Instructions: The chart below gives some information about Someland’s main export performances in 2005, 2015, and its future prospect in 2025. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information delineated in the graph. Essayist: Arash The bar chart below…
Declarative Knowledge Declarative knowledge is the same as explicit or controlled knowledge, whereas procedural knowledge is the same is implicit or uncontrolled knowledge. Internalised rules and memorised chunks of the language constitute the ‘what’ of the learner’s system or declarative knowledge (McLaughlin, 1987). Ellis believes that declarative rules can have top-down influences on perception, in…
Input Processing Theory Input Processing Theory VanPatten’s Input Processing Theory is based on the standard information processing viewpoint. Namely, working memory is limited in capacity (at least in terms of each modality), making it difficult for learners to attend concurrently to different stimuli in the input. He identified ‘detection’ as the key attentional process, noting…
Individual Differences Individual Differences Learners clearly differ enormously in their preferred approach to L2 learning, but it is impossible to say which learning style works best (Ellis, 2008). One of the major problems is that the concept of ‘learning style’ is ill-defined, apparently overlapping with other individual differences of both an affective and a cognitive…
Letter Closing Terms Letter closing in business letters is really important because letter closing terms, especially in business letter writing will create a positive impression on your addressee. The type of term you use to close your business letter should depend on your affiliation or relationship with the person you are writing the letter to,…