Current TESL issues (Teaching English as a Second Language) in an interactive fashion enriched with distinctive keywords and tags and comment forms to discuss the issues
Case Study Case study research involves the study of an issue explored through one or more cases within a bounded system (a setting or context). Case study research is a qualitative approach in which the investigator explores a bounded system (case) or multiple bounded systems (cases) over time through detailed, in-depth data collection involving multiple …
Grounded theory in research conduction as a qualitative research design Grounded Theory Grounded theory is a qualitative research design in which the investigator moves beyond description and attempts to generate or discover a theory, an abstract analytical schema of a process, action or interaction (Strauss & Corbin, 1998). This theory-development does not come ‘off the …
Problem Statement Problem Statement is a crucial section of your research project. Pay attention to the principal specifications of this part of your research listed below: The Problem means a perplexing question. This is a sentence that states your goal and the main idea of your research. The problem should be clearly stated. Each word …
In-text citations in APA Style In-text citations in APA Style If you use something second hand, you must make it clear. The following examples are intended to clarify this point: Some fact (Smith, as cited in Jones, 1982): You are citing an author indirectly as you don’t have the exact source of the author. Instead, …
Discussion and Interpretation of Data Discussion and Interpretation of Data Do not purposely start a new page for this section. Simply center the word Discussion and continue typing on the very next double-spaced line. The purpose of this section is to evaluate and interpret, summarize, explain, compare, and contrast the results, especially with respect to …
Pragmatics Pragmatics refers to the field of study where linguistic features are considered in relation to users of the language. Researchers have investigated what speakers accomplish when they perform utterances in terms of (1) interactional acts, and (2) speech acts. Interactional acts give structure to the discourse by ensuring that one utterance leads smoothly to …
Direct Quotations in APA Style Direct quotations in APA Style obey some special rules that are discussed in this article. Give page numbers for direct quotes. E.g., Smith (1978) noted that “the world is round” (p. 5). While using et al., you should use a plural verb because et al. in Latin means and others. …
Input Hypothesis Input Hypothesis Krashen’s Input Hypothesis explicitly rejects a role for consciousness, claiming that “acquisition” is a subconscious process. Krashen assumed a ‘language acquisition device’, that is, an innate mental structure capable of handling both first and second language acquisition. The input activates this innate structure. But only input of a very specific kind …
Construct in Psychology Construct is a term used in psychology to label underlying skills or attributes. A construct is an explanatory device, so-called because it is a theoretical construction about the nature of human behavior. In test development, the construct being assessed is defined before the test is developed; this is to make sure that …
Research Questions Research Questions and their delicate specifications: Each research question should have a tentative response. Research questions are the questions for which answers are being sought. The questions are built on one another. In other words, the questions must be interrelated and not distinctly separated from each other. They should not be formulated as …