Universal Grammar Universal grammar may be thought of as some system of principles common to the species and available to each individual prior to experience. Universal Grammar might be defined as the study of the conditions that must be met by the grammars of all human languages. In a highly idealized picture of language acquisition, …
Successful English Learners | Interview 2 Successful English Learners | Interview 2 Interviewee: Mr. Khaki Watch this video on YouTube Questions Could you please introduce yourself to us? How long have you been learning English? What do you plan to learn English for? How do you try to learn English vocabulary? What coursebooks or reference …
Language Faculty Language Faculty We may assume that the linguistic theory of the language faculty is a theory of the cognitive architecture for language knowledge and acquisition. Chomsky postulated that there is a language organ, which is part of a human’s biological endowment and which houses the universal principles and parameters without which a child …
Action Research Action research was begun in the United States by Lewin (1946) in the 1940s as a means of addressing social problems. This type of research is often conducted by teachers in language classrooms. In addition, it focuses on particular features of classroom interaction. The term ‘action research’ is an approach to collecting and …
Cortex Cortex or cerebral cortex covers the surface of the brain and is only 2-4 mm (0.08-0.16 inches) thick. It plays a central role in such functions as memory, attention, perceptual awareness, language, and consciousness. The outermost part of the cortex is grey in color, hence the common term ‘grey matter’. The inner layers are …
/əˈfeɪ.ʒə/ (noun) Aphasia Aphasia refers to any damage to the left hemisphere that often provokes aphasia (dysfunction in, or loss of, language due to neurological damage. This damage results in a loss of procedural ability to use the L2 (i.e. learners cannot automatically and accurately access all aspects of their implicit knowledge of the L2 …
Input Hypothesis Input Hypothesis Krashen’s Input Hypothesis explicitly rejects a role for consciousness, claiming that “acquisition” is a subconscious process. Krashen assumed a ‘language acquisition device’, that is, an innate mental structure capable of handling both first and second language acquisition. The input activates this innate structure. But only input of a very specific kind …
IELTS – TOEFL Preparation Course – Session 1 Writing Practice From 9:40 to 10:00 pm In each session, one student writes an essay or some part of an essay on specified topics and leaves it as a comment in the blue comment form at the bottom of this post before the next class. In the …
What is IELTS and what does it stand for? Let’s get more familiar with IELTS, its formats and modules. IELTS Exam IELTS stands for International English Language Testing System. It is mainly administered by the University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations (Cambridge ESOL), British Council and IDP: IELTS Australia. IELTS corresponds to the highest international standards …
Learning-centered method in second language learning, which is one of the three dimensions of ‘language teaching methods’. Learning-centered method Learning-centered methods are those that are principally concerned with cognitive processes of language learning. These methods such as the Natural Approach seek to provide opportunities for learners to participate in open-ended meaningful interaction through problem-solving tasks in …